zkSync Era batches users' transactions and submits them to Ethereum together with a zero-knowledge proof, paying a share of the transaction fees to Ethereum validators (expense).

zkSync Era is an L2 smart contract platform for decentralized applications on Ethereum. zkSync Era was founded by Matter Labs and launched in 2023.

Matter Labs team owns and governs the protocol. Matter Labs' investors include a16z, Lightspeed Venture Partners, Blockchain Capital, etc.

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zkSync Era

# zkSync Era Fees Methodology

## 1. Overview

The zkSync Era fees metric measures the total transaction fees paid by users on the zkSync Era Layer 2 network, expressed in USD. This metric captures the daily aggregate of all gas fees paid for transaction execution on zkSync Era, providing insight into network usage and fee generation. The calculation multiplies gas consumption by effective gas prices for each transaction, aggregates daily totals, and converts the ETH-denominated fees to USD using end-of-day price feeds.

## 2. Data sources

- **zkSync Era transaction records**: Raw blockchain transaction data containing gas usage metrics, effective gas prices, transaction hashes, and execution timestamps from the zkSync Era Layer 2 network
- **End-of-day token price feeds**: ETH/USD conversion rates used to convert gas fees from ETH denomination to USD values
- **Token metadata**: Token contract information including decimal precision for the WETH token address used in fee calculations

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Transaction fact extraction
- **Purpose**: Extract and standardize zkSync Era transaction data with gas fee information
- **Logic**: Retrieve distinct transaction records from zkSync Era blockchain data, focusing on gas consumption metrics. Convert effective gas prices from wei units to ETH by dividing by 10^18. Extract key transaction identifiers including block timestamps, transaction hashes, and addresses. Associate all transactions with the WETH token address since zkSync Era gas fees are paid in ETH.
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp` for timing, `transaction_hash` for uniqueness, `gas_used` for consumption amount, `effective_gas_price` converted to ETH units, `token_address` set to WETH contract address

### Component B: Daily fee aggregation  
- **Purpose**: Calculate total daily gas fees by aggregating individual transaction costs
- **Logic**: Group transactions by day using timestamp truncation to daily boundaries. For each day and token address combination, calculate individual transaction fees by multiplying `gas_used` by `effective_gas_price` in ETH units. Sum all transaction fees within each daily period to get aggregate daily fee amounts.
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` truncated to day level, `token_address` for grouping, `fee_amount` as sum of all gas fees paid

### Component C: USD conversion and finalization
- **Purpose**: Convert ETH-denominated fees to USD and apply final metric standardization
- **Logic**: Apply USD conversion using end-of-day price feeds to convert aggregate daily ETH fees to USD values. The conversion process uses token price data matched to daily boundaries. Recast the `chain_id` from 'ethereum' to 'zksyncera' to properly identify this as zkSync Era fee data rather than Ethereum mainnet.
- **Key fields**: `fees` converted to USD values, `chain_id` set to 'zksyncera', standard metric schema fields including `market_sector_id` as 'blockchains_l2' and `business_segment_id` as 'blockchain'

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: Data flows linearly from transaction extraction through daily aggregation to USD conversion, with each step building on the previous transformation
- **Currency conversion**: ETH-denominated fees are converted to USD using end-of-day price feeds applied at the daily aggregation level after fee calculation
- **Time aggregation**: Daily boundaries are established by truncating block timestamps to day precision, ensuring all fees within a 24-hour period are grouped together
- **Final calculation**: The final metric represents the sum of all transaction fees (gas_used × effective_gas_price) per day, converted from ETH to USD, with gaps filled using zeros for days with no transaction activity and filtered for zkSync Era chain availability periods

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

Total value users pay to use a protocol (gross fees, user-paid fees).

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