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Unichain

# Unichain Average fees per user (AFPU) Methodology

## 1. Overview

Average Fees Per User (AFPU) measures the average amount of fees paid per daily active user on the Unichain blockchain. This metric answers the business question: "How much does each user contribute in fees on average?" The calculation divides total daily fees collected by the number of unique daily active users, providing insight into user monetization and network economics.

## 2. Data sources

The AFPU metric relies on the following raw data sources:

- **Unichain transaction logs**: Complete transaction records from the Unichain blockchain containing transaction hashes, sender addresses (`from_address`), recipient addresses (`to_address`), gas usage parameters, and block timestamps
- **Gas fee parameters**: Layer 2 gas metrics including `gas_used` and `gas_price`, plus Layer 1 settlement costs including `l1_gas_used`, `l1_gas_price`, and `l1_fee_scalar` for accurate fee calculation
- **End-of-day token price feeds**: ETH price data used to convert gas fees from native ETH denomination to USD values
- **Token metadata**: ETH token information for Unichain (address `0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000006`) including symbol and decimal precision

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Transaction data processing
- **Purpose**: Extract and standardize raw transaction data from Unichain blockchain
- **Logic**: Raw transaction logs are processed to extract essential fields including block timestamps, transaction hashes, sender and recipient addresses, and gas consumption parameters. All fields are safely cast to appropriate data types. ETH token information is hardcoded with the standard Unichain ETH contract address and symbol. Chain identifier is set to 'unichain' for all records.
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp` for temporal aggregation, `from_address` for user identification, gas parameters (`gas_used`, `gas_price`, `l1_gas_used`, `l1_gas_price`, `l1_fee_scalar`) for fee calculation

### Component B: Gas fee calculation  
- **Purpose**: Calculate the total transaction fees including both Layer 2 execution and Layer 1 settlement costs
- **Logic**: Layer 2 fees are calculated by multiplying `gas_used` by `gas_price` and dividing by 1e18 to normalize from wei to ETH. Layer 1 fees are calculated by multiplying `l1_gas_used`, `l1_gas_price`, and `l1_fee_scalar`, then dividing by 1e18. The total fee for each transaction is the sum of L2 and L1 components. This accounts for Unichain's dual-layer fee structure where users pay for both execution on Unichain and settlement on Ethereum.
- **Key fields**: `l2_gas_fee` for execution costs, `l1_gas_fee` for settlement costs, combined into total `fees`

### Component C: Daily active users calculation
- **Purpose**: Identify and count unique users who performed transactions each day
- **Logic**: Transaction sender addresses (`from_address`) are classified as users with type 'Transaction sender'. Records are grouped by daily timestamp boundaries using timestamp truncation. HyperLogLog sketching is used to efficiently count distinct user addresses per day across multiple aggregation dimensions including project-level, chain-level, user-type-level, and product-level breakdowns. The HyperLogLog approach enables scalable distinct counting while maintaining accuracy.
- **Key fields**: `user_address` for user identification, `user_dau` for the final distinct count per day

### Component D: Fee aggregation and USD conversion
- **Purpose**: Sum daily fees and convert from ETH to USD denomination  
- **Logic**: Transaction fees are aggregated by day using timestamp truncation to day boundaries. ETH-denominated fees are converted to USD using end-of-day price feeds. The conversion process includes decimal correction and currency conversion through the `convert_to_usd_and_correct_decimals` macro. Business classification fields are added including 'blockchain' business segment and 'blockchains_l2' market sector. Chain identifier is set to 'unichain'.
- **Key fields**: Daily aggregated `fees` in USD, `timestamp` for daily boundaries, `chain_id` for blockchain identification

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: The daily fees metric and daily active users metric are combined through the `calculate_arpu` macro, which performs a division operation to calculate average fees per user
- **Currency conversion**: All fees are converted to USD using end-of-day price feeds before the final AFPU calculation to ensure consistent currency denomination
- **Time aggregation**: Both components use identical daily time boundaries created by truncating block timestamps to day granularity, ensuring proper alignment for the division operation
- **Final calculation**: AFPU equals total daily fees divided by total daily active users, with the result finalized through the `finalize_metric_afpu` macro which applies schema validation, gap filling with zeros for missing dates, and chain availability filtering

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

UnichainUNI

Average fees per user (AFPU)

Average fees per user (AFPU)

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