Validators process transactions and receive validator rewards. Super representatives and super representative partners receive voting rewards. TRX stakers receive energy and bandwidth incentives.

Tron is a smart contract platform for decentralized applications (a blockchain). Tron was founded by Justin Sun and launched in 2018.

TRX holders own and govern the protocol. They currently burn all transaction fees paid by users (revenue). It is important to note that the incentives related to energy and bandwidth are effectively returned as revenue, and this is reflected in the earnings.

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Tron

# Tron Average fees per user (AFPU) Methodology

## 1. Overview

The TRON Average Fees Per User (AFPU) metric measures the average transaction fees paid per daily active user on the TRON network. This metric is calculated by dividing the total daily transaction fees (in USD) by the number of unique users who sent transactions that day. AFPU provides insight into the cost efficiency of the TRON network and the average spending behavior of its users.

The calculation accounts for TRON's unique fee structure, which uses Energy and Bandwidth resources that can be obtained through TRX staking or direct TRX burning.

## 2. Data sources

- **TRON transaction records**: Complete transaction data from the TRON blockchain including sender addresses, resource usage, and fee information
- **TRON network resource pricing**: Hardcoded bandwidth prices with historical changes (0.00014 TRX before July 27, 2021, and 0.001 TRX after) and dynamic energy prices extracted from transaction receipts
- **End-of-day TRX price feeds**: Chainlink price data for recent periods (from March 2, 2021 onwards) and CoinGecko historical price data for earlier periods
- **TRON transaction receipts**: Detailed fee breakdown including `receipt_info_fee`, `receipt_gas_used`, `receipt_info_net_usage`, and energy/bandwidth resource consumption

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Daily active users calculation
- **Purpose**: Count unique transaction senders per day on TRON
- **Logic**: Extract the `from_address` field from all TRON transactions and identify these as "Transaction sender" user types. Group transactions by day using timestamp truncation and count distinct user addresses using HyperLogLog (HLL) sketches for efficient computation across multiple dimensions. All users are classified under the 'blockchains_l1' market sector and 'blockchain' business segment.
- **Key fields**: `from_address` as `user_address`, `block_timestamp` truncated to day boundaries, `transaction_hash` for transaction identification

### Component B: TRON resource pricing
- **Purpose**: Apply appropriate pricing to Energy and Bandwidth resource consumption
- **Logic**: Join transaction data with bandwidth pricing tables that contain hardcoded rates with historical changes. Energy pricing is extracted dynamically from transaction receipts using the `receipt_effective_gas_price` field. Bandwidth pricing uses predefined rates that changed on July 27, 2021, from 0.00014 to 0.001 TRX per unit.
- **Key fields**: `effective_energy_price` from transaction receipts, `bandwidth_price` from pricing dimension, `block_timestamp` for time-based pricing lookups

### Component C: Transaction fee calculation
- **Purpose**: Calculate total fees across TRON's four fee components
- **Logic**: Process four distinct fee types from TRON transactions: 1) Energy from staking rewards (multiply `energy_staking_rewards_used` by `effective_energy_price`), 2) Bandwidth from staking rewards (multiply `bandwidth_staking_rewards_used` by `effective_bandwidth_price`), 3) Energy supplied by contracts (multiply `energy_origin_energy_used` by `effective_energy_price`), and 4) Direct TRX burns for energy and bandwidth (extract `receipt_info_fee` and divide by 1e6 for decimal correction). Sum all components per transaction and aggregate to daily totals.
- **Key fields**: `energy_staking_rewards_used`, `bandwidth_staking_rewards_used`, `energy_origin_energy_used`, `receipt_info_fee` converted to `burns`, various effective price fields

### Component D: USD conversion
- **Purpose**: Convert TRX-denominated fees to USD using end-of-day prices
- **Logic**: Join daily aggregated fees with TRX price data using exact timestamp matching. Use Chainlink price feeds for dates from March 2, 2021 onwards, and CoinGecko historical data for earlier periods. Multiply TRX fee amounts by the corresponding daily price to get USD values. Handle the transition between data sources by using date-based filtering.
- **Key fields**: `fees` amount in TRX, `price` from price feeds, resulting `fees` in USD

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: Join the daily active user counts with the daily fee totals using timestamp matching on the same day boundaries
- **Currency conversion**: All fees are converted to USD before the final division using end-of-day TRX prices from Chainlink and CoinGecko sources
- **Time aggregation**: Both user and fee data are aggregated to daily boundaries using timestamp truncation to day level
- **Final calculation**: Divide the total daily fees in USD by the daily active user count to produce the average fees per user. Apply the finalization macro which handles schema validation, missing day fill strategies with zeros, and ensures data quality standards are met

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

TronTRX

Average fees per user (AFPU)

Average fees per user (AFPU)

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