Starknet is a Validity-Rollup (ZK-Rollup) Layer 2 network that operates on top of Ethereum, enabling dApps to massively scale without compromising on security. It achieves this by bundling transactions into an off-chain computed STARK proof. This proof is then submitted to Ethereum as a single transaction, resulting in significantly higher throughput, faster processing times, and much lower costs, all while retaining the robust security of the Ethereum settlement layer.

Starknet aims to be governed by a decentralized, community-driven process centered around STRK token holders. While StarkWare originally developed the technology, the network is transitioning to a completely decentralized model where the broader community makes decisions regarding protocol upgrades, development, and the future of the network.

Starknet is a Layer 2 that uses STARK technology to validate off-chain transactions, enabling unlimited scale while preserving Ethereum's security and decentralization.

github

twitter

discord

etherscan

website

governance

Blockchains (L2)

Starknet

# Starknet Revenue Methodology

## 1. Overview

The Starknet revenue metric measures the total fees collected by the Starknet network from all transactions, representing the network's revenue from providing blockchain infrastructure services. This metric answers "How much revenue does Starknet generate from network usage?" Revenue is calculated by treating all transaction fees paid to the network as revenue, converted to USD for standardized reporting.

## 2. Data sources

- **Starknet transaction data**: All transaction records from the Starknet blockchain including transaction fees, fee units, timestamps, and transaction metadata
- **End-of-day price feeds**: Token price data for ETH and STRK tokens used for USD conversion
- **Token metadata**: Decimal precision information for proper fee amount calculations

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Transaction fee extraction
- **Purpose**: Extract and normalize transaction fee data from all Starknet transactions
- **Logic**: Process all Starknet blockchain transactions to extract fee information. Normalize ETH-denominated fees by dividing the `receipt_actual_fee` by 1e18 to convert from wei to ETH. Map fee units to token addresses where `WEI` corresponds to the ETH token address `0xc02aaa39b223fe8d0a0e5c4f27ead9083c756cc2` and `FRI` corresponds to the STRK token address `0xca14007eff0db1f8135f4c25b34de49ab0d42766`. Include transaction metadata such as block timestamp, transaction hash, sender address, and transaction type.
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp`, `receipt_actual_fee`, `actual_fee_unit`, `actual_fee_amount` (normalized fee value), `token_address` (mapped from fee unit)

### Component B: Daily fee aggregation 
- **Purpose**: Aggregate transaction fees by day and fee token type
- **Logic**: Group all transactions by day using timestamp truncation and by the token used to pay fees (ETH or STRK). Sum the total `actual_fee_amount` for each day-token combination to get total daily fees paid in each token type. This creates daily totals of fees collected in ETH versus fees collected in STRK.
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` (daily truncation), `token_address`, `fees` (sum of actual_fee_amount)

### Component C: USD conversion and metric finalization
- **Purpose**: Convert token-denominated fees to USD and apply metric standardization
- **Logic**: Convert the aggregated daily fee amounts to USD using end-of-day price feeds for both ETH and STRK tokens. Apply decimal corrections if needed during the conversion process. Standardize the chain identifier by mapping the real Starknet chain to 'ethereum' for consistency while preserving 'starknet' as the actual chain. Apply the finalization macro to ensure proper schema, validate identifiers, and fill any data gaps with zeros.
- **Key fields**: `fees` (USD-converted values), `chain_id` (standardized), `timestamp_grain`, `market_sector_id`, `business_segment_id`

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: The final revenue metric directly maps the USD-converted fee values as revenue, since all network fees represent Starknet's revenue from network operations
- **Currency conversion**: All fees are converted to USD using end-of-day token price feeds for accurate cross-token comparison and reporting
- **Time aggregation**: Data is aggregated to daily boundaries using timestamp truncation to the day level
- **Final calculation**: Revenue equals the sum of all transaction fees paid to the Starknet network on each day, converted to USD. The formula is simply: Daily Revenue = Sum of all transaction fees (in USD) for that day, where transaction fees include both ETH-denominated fees (paid in WEI) and STRK-denominated fees (paid in FRI).

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

fees * take_rate (illustrative — revenue is observed directly per project, not derived from take_rate)

Fee revenue retained after supply-side payouts. Before cost of revenue (e.g. L2 DA fees) and before operating expenses.

StarknetSTRK

Revenue

Revenue

Competitive landscape

Chain breakdown