Validators process transactions and receive fees from users (supply-side fees).

Solana is a smart contract platform for decentralized applications (a blockchain). Solana was founded by Anatoly Yakovenko, Greg Fitzgerald, Raj Gokal, etc. and launched in 2020.

SOL holders own and govern the protocol. They currently take a cut of the transaction fees paid by users (revenue). Solana’s investors include Polychain Capital, ParaFi capital, Passport capital, etc.

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Solana

# Solana Average revenue per user (ARPU) Methodology

## 1. Overview

Average revenue per user (ARPU) measures the protocol revenue generated per active user on Solana over a fixed 24-hour window. This metric is used to evaluate the monetization efficiency of the network relative to its user base size. Revenue is defined as the portion of transaction fees (specifically burned base fees) captured by the protocol, while users are defined as unique signers of transactions. ARPU is calculated daily and denominated in USD.

## 2. Data sources

- **Revenue**: Derived from the Revenue metric
- **Active users (daily)**: Derived from the Active users (daily) metric

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Protocol revenue tracking

- **Purpose**: Capture the total value retained by the protocol from network activity.
- **Logic**: Transaction fees are extracted from block metadata. Prior to the implementation of SIMD-0096, protocol revenue is calculated as 50% of total transaction fees. Post-implementation, revenue is defined as 50% of the base fees, which are isolated by subtracting priority fees from total fees, with adjustments applied to version 1 transactions starting September 15, 2026, based on transaction resource configurations. These captured fees represent the portion of the native SOL asset that is burned. All values are normalized by decimal precision and converted to USD using end-of-day price feeds.
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp`, `total_fee`, `priority_fee`, `priority_fee_adjustment`, and `amount`.

### Component B: Active user identification

- **Purpose**: Identify the number of unique participants interacting with the network.
- **Logic**: Signer accounts are extracted from all transactions recorded on-chain, including both successful and failed transaction types. These accounts are deduplicated within each 24-hour window to calculate the total number of active users (daily).
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp` and `signer` accounts.

### Component C: ARPU derivation

- **Purpose**: Calculate the final average revenue generated per individual user.
- **Logic**: Total protocol revenue for each day is divided by the corresponding count of active users (daily). The resulting value represents the average USD contribution of a single unique account to the protocol's revenue in a given day. The calculation is aggregated at a daily grain using UTC day boundaries.
- **Key fields**: `revenue` and `user_dau`.

_This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer._

SolanaSOL

Average revenue per user (ARPU)

Average revenue per user (ARPU)

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