satUSD, issued by the River Protocol smart contracts under the governance of RIVER tokenholders, is an over-collateralized crypto stablecoin that maintains a one-to-one peg to the U.S. dollar (USD) through onchain minting and redemption against collateralized debt positions. [S1][S2][S3]

Each satUSD tracks 1 USD and is redeemable onchain for $1 of underlying crypto collateral, including BTC, ETH, BNB, and liquid staking tokens, with minimum collateral ratios of approximately 110% for BTC and 120% to 150% for liquid staking tokens. [S4][S2] Holders earn yield by staking satUSD for satUSD+, whose value accrues from protocol fees. [S5] Minting carries a dynamic fee of 0.5% to 5% and redemption a matching 0.5% to 5%. [S4][S2]

satUSD is minted and redeemed by onchain smart contracts operated as a decentralized protocol and governed by RIVER tokenholders, who calibrate staking factors, risk parameters, and yield allocation; it is not issued by a single corporate entity. [S1][S2][S6] The holder's claim is over-collateralized debt redeemable for $1 of underlying collateral, with the peg reinforced by arbitrage. [S2][S3] Permissionless products impose no eligibility gating, while the institutional Prime Vault is exclusive to institutions. [S1][S2][S7] Permissionless collateral sits in onchain vaults protected by over-collateralization, an instant liquidation module, a Stability Pool, and Recovery Mode; Prime Vault assets are custody-secured by Ceffu and Cobo. [S2][S3][S7]

satUSD uses LayerZero's Omnichain Fungible Token (OFT) standard, while satUSD+ is an ERC-20 token. [S4][S5] satUSD is deployed across Ethereum, BNB Chain, X Layer, Base, Arbitrum, Sonic, BOB, BSquared, Hemi, BEVM, and Bitlayer. [S8] Users deposit collateral on a source chain and natively mint satUSD on a destination chain, with LayerZero messaging synchronizing state and a PriceFeedAggregator oracle feeding prices on each interaction. [S4][S2]

<Sources
  retrievedAt="2026-06-23"
  items={[
    { id: "S1", url: "https://river.inc" },
    { id: "S2", url: "https://docs.river.inc/llms-full.txt" },
    { id: "S3", url: "https://docs.river.inc/products/prime-vault" },
    { id: "S4", url: "https://docs.river.inc/how-to-use/omni-cdp" },
    { id: "S5", url: "https://docs.river.inc/products/satusd+" },
    { id: "S6", url: "https://docs.river.inc/tokenomics/tokenomics" },
    { id: "S7", url: "https://river.inc/" },
    { id: "S8", url: "https://docs.river.inc/outro/deployed-contracts" },
  ]}
/>


Stablecoins

River builds a chain-abstraction stablecoin system powered by the omni-CDP stablecoin satUSD, featuring the first omni-CDP module that allows users to collateralize assets on one chain and mint stablecoins on another chain—without bridging. This enables cross-chain collateral, yield, and liquidity management natively across different ecosystems.

A chain-abstraction stablecoin infrastructure platform that enables cross-chain collateral management, yield generation, and liquidity provisioning through its omni-CDP module and satUSD stablecoin.

DeFi users and protocols seeking cross-chain stablecoin capabilities with unified collateral and liquidity management across multiple blockchains without bridging assets.

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Infrastructure

River

Satoshi Stablecoin (satUSD) is a U.S. dollar stablecoin issued by River.

Retail investors, professional investors, accredited investors, qualified investors, qualified purchasers, and institutions can mint and redeem directly with River in BTC, ETH, BNB, and LSTs, and holders have a contractual right to redeem at par.

satUSD has been issued on public blockchains since February 2025 and is native to BOB (Build on Bitcoin), BNB Chain, Base, Arbitrum One, Sonic, and Ethereum.

Satoshi StablecoinsatUSD

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