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Blockchains (L2)

peaq

# peaq Average fees per user (AFPU) Methodology

## 1. Overview

Average Fees Per User (AFPU) measures the average amount of transaction fees paid per daily active user on the Peaq network. This metric provides insights into the monetization efficiency of the network by dividing total daily fee revenue by the number of unique users who performed transactions. The calculation combines data from Peaq's native blockchain (substrate-based) and its EVM-compatible layer to capture comprehensive user activity and fee generation.

## 2. Data sources

- **Peaq blockchain extrinsics**: Native Peaq blockchain transaction records containing transaction sender addresses and execution timestamps
- **Peaq blockchain events**: Parsed blockchain events, specifically `TransactionFeesDistributed` events from the `blockReward` pallet containing fee distribution amounts, and `Executed` events from the `ethereum` pallet for EVM transactions  
- **End-of-day price feeds**: PEAQ token price data from CoinGecko providing daily USD conversion rates
- **Transaction data**: Both native Peaq extrinsics and EVM-compatible transaction execution events with user identification data

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Daily active users calculation
- **Purpose**: Identifies and counts unique users who performed transactions on any given day across both native Peaq and EVM layers
- **Logic**: Extracts user addresses from two sources - native Peaq extrinsics where the `id` field represents the transaction sender, and EVM execution events where user addresses are extracted from the first element of `event_data`. Transaction timestamps are truncated to day boundaries and user addresses are deduplicated within each day. The system uses HyperLogLog aggregation to efficiently count distinct users across multiple dimensional breakdowns including project-level, chain-level, user-type-level, and product-level views
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp` for daily aggregation, `id` from extrinsics and `event_data[0]` from EVM events for user identification, `user_address` as the final deduplicated user identifier

### Component B: Daily fees calculation  
- **Purpose**: Captures total transaction fees distributed on the Peaq network and converts them to USD
- **Logic**: Extracts fee amounts from `TransactionFeesDistributed` events within the `blockReward` pallet, where the base fee amount is stored in the first element of `event_data`. Raw amounts are converted from wei to PEAQ tokens by dividing by 1e18. Daily fee totals are calculated by summing all fee amounts within each day. USD conversion is performed by joining with daily PEAQ token prices from CoinGecko price feeds
- **Key fields**: `event_data[0]` containing the base fee amount in wei, `block_timestamp` for daily aggregation, `amount` as the converted PEAQ token fee amount

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: The daily active user counts and daily fee totals (both in USD) are combined using a division operation where fees serve as the numerator and user count as the denominator
- **Currency conversion**: All fee amounts are converted to USD using end-of-day PEAQ token prices from CoinGecko, ensuring consistent currency representation across time periods
- **Time aggregation**: Both user counts and fees are aggregated to daily boundaries using timestamp truncation, with all calculations performed at the day grain level
- **Final calculation**: AFPU is computed by dividing the total daily fees in USD by the count of daily active users, producing an average fee amount per user metric that is gap-filled with zeros for days without activity to maintain continuous time series data

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

peaqPEAQ

Average fees per user (AFPU)

Average fees per user (AFPU)

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