opBNB is built on the OP Stack, the same underlying framework as Optimism. It extends the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) to provide faster and cheaper transactions, while leveraging BNB Smart Chain (BSC) for ecosystem integration.

opBNB is an Ethereum-compatible Layer 2 scaling solution designed to improve the performance and affordability of decentralized applications on BNB Chain. It provides high throughput and low fees, making it suitable for gaming, social, and DeFi applications.

opBNB is developed by BNB Chain, which is supported by contributors from the broader Binance ecosystem.

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opBNB

# opBNB Median transaction fee Methodology

## 1. Overview

The opBNB transaction fee median metric measures the middle value of transaction fees paid on the opBNB blockchain on a daily basis. This metric provides insight into typical transaction costs users experience on the opBNB network, which operates as an Optimism-based Layer 2 solution. The calculation accounts for opBNB's dual-fee structure, combining both L2 execution costs and L1 data availability costs, then determines the median fee value across all transactions within each day.

## 2. Data sources

- **opBNB blockchain transaction records**: Complete transaction data including gas usage metrics, gas prices, and Layer 1 data availability cost components
- **End-of-day BNB price feeds**: Token price data for BNB (referenced through WBNB contract address `0xbb4cdb9cbd36b01bd1cbaebf2de08d9173bc095c`) to convert fees from native token amounts to USD values
- **Token metadata**: Contract information for WBNB token used in price conversion and standardization

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Transaction data extraction
- **Purpose**: Extract and standardize opBNB transaction data with all necessary fee components
- **Logic**: Raw opBNB transaction records are processed to extract key fields including transaction timestamps, gas usage metrics, gas prices, and L1 data availability cost parameters. The data includes both L2 execution parameters (`gas_used`, `gas_price`) and L1 cost parameters (`l1_gas_used`, `l1_gas_price`, `l1_fee_scalar`) that are specific to Optimism-based Layer 2 chains like opBNB. All gas and price values are cast to appropriate numeric types for calculation.
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp` for temporal grouping, `gas_used` and `gas_price` for L2 execution costs, `l1_gas_used`, `l1_gas_price`, and `l1_fee_scalar` for L1 data availability costs

### Component B: Fee calculation and median aggregation
- **Purpose**: Calculate total transaction fees and determine daily median values
- **Logic**: For each transaction, the total fee is calculated by combining two components: L2 execution fee (gas used multiplied by gas price) and L1 data availability fee (L1 gas used multiplied by L1 gas price and L1 fee scalar). Both fee components are converted from wei to BNB by dividing by 1e18. Null values are handled by defaulting to zero to ensure complete fee calculations. Transactions are then grouped by day using timestamp truncation, and the median fee is calculated using statistical approximation functions that return the 50th percentile value from the fee distribution for each day.
- **Key fields**: Combined `fee_amount` representing total transaction cost, daily `timestamp` for grouping, `transaction_fee_median` as the statistical median

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: The daily median fee values are directly used without additional aggregation, maintaining the daily granularity of the metric
- **Currency conversion**: BNB-denominated median fees are converted to USD using end-of-day price feeds for WBNB, ensuring consistent valuation timing across all fee calculations
- **Time aggregation**: Data is aggregated at daily boundaries using timestamp truncation, with each day containing one median fee value representing the typical transaction cost for that period
- **Final calculation**: The final metric value represents the median transaction fee in USD for each day, calculated from the statistical middle value of all transaction fees on opBNB, accounting for both Layer 2 execution costs and Layer 1 data availability costs inherent in the Optimism-based architecture

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

opBNB

Median transaction fee

Median transaction fee

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