Linea batches users' transactions and submits them to Ethereum, paying a share of the transaction fees to Ethereum validators (expense).

Linea is an L2 smart contract platform for decentralized applications on Ethereum. Linea was founded by the ConsenSys team and launched in 2023.

ConsenSys team owns and governs the protocol. ConsenSys's investors include ParaFi Capital, Microsoft, Coinbase Ventures, etc.

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Blockchains (L2)

Linea

# Linea Fees Methodology

## 1. Overview

The Linea fees metric calculates the total daily gas fees paid by users on the Linea L2 blockchain, denominated in USD. This metric represents the aggregate cost users pay for transaction execution on Linea, serving as a key indicator of network usage and economic activity. The calculation aggregates individual transaction gas costs across all Linea transactions each day, then converts the total from ETH to USD.

## 2. Data sources

- **Linea blockchain transactions**: Raw transaction records from the Linea L2 blockchain containing gas usage, gas prices, timestamps, and transaction metadata
- **End-of-day price feeds**: Daily ETH/USD exchange rates used for currency conversion
- **Token metadata**: ETH token information on Linea including the native token address `0xe5d7c2a44ffddf6b295a15c148167daaaf5cf34f`

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Transaction data extraction
- **Purpose**: Extract and standardize raw transaction data from Linea blockchain
- **Logic**: Retrieves all Linea transactions with their execution details including `block_timestamp`, `transaction_hash`, `from_address`, `to_address`, `receipt_gas_used`, and `receipt_effective_gas_price`. The data is cast to appropriate types and the native ETH token is identified with address `0xe5d7c2a44ffddf6b295a15c148167daaaf5cf34f` and symbol `ETH`. All transactions are tagged with the `linea` chain identifier.
- **Key fields**: `gas_used` (gas consumed by transaction), `gas_price` (effective gas price paid), `block_timestamp` (transaction execution time), `token_address` (ETH token address)

### Component B: Daily gas fee aggregation
- **Purpose**: Calculate total daily gas fees in native ETH denomination
- **Logic**: For each transaction, calculates the individual gas fee by multiplying `gas_used` by `gas_price`, then divides by 1e18 to convert from wei to ETH units. Groups transactions by day using timestamp truncation and sums all individual gas fees to get the total daily gas fees. The aggregation groups by date, token address, and chain to produce daily totals.
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` (truncated to day), `l2_gas_fees` (daily sum of gas fees in ETH), `token_address`, `chain`

### Component C: USD conversion and standardization
- **Purpose**: Convert ETH-denominated fees to USD and apply metric standardization
- **Logic**: Applies the `convert_to_usd_and_correct_decimals` macro to convert daily ETH gas fees to USD using end-of-day price feeds. The conversion maintains the ETH decimal precision while applying the appropriate USD exchange rate. Sets standard metric metadata including `timestamp_grain` as 'day', `business_line` as 'blockchain', `market_sector_id` as 'blockchains_l2', and recasts the chain identifier to 'linea'.
- **Key fields**: `fees` (USD-denominated daily gas fees), `timestamp_grain`, `market_sector_id`, `business_segment_id`

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: The daily ETH gas fee totals flow directly into USD conversion without additional joining or combination steps
- **Currency conversion**: Uses end-of-day ETH/USD price feeds applied to daily aggregated ETH amounts, maintaining precision during the conversion process
- **Time aggregation**: Daily boundaries are established by truncating transaction timestamps to day level, ensuring all transactions within a 24-hour period are grouped together
- **Final calculation**: The final metric represents the sum of all individual transaction gas fees (gas_used × gas_price ÷ 1e18) for each day, converted to USD. The `finalize_metric_fees` macro ensures schema compliance, validates identifiers, and fills any data gaps using a 'fill_zeros' strategy. Chain availability filtering is applied to ensure data quality and completeness.

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

Total value users pay to use a protocol (gross fees, user-paid fees).

LineaLINEA

Fees

Fees

Competitive landscape

Chain breakdown