Ink batches users' transactions and submits them to Ethereum, paying a share of the transaction fees to Ethereum validators (expense).

Ink is an Ethereum Layer 2 (L2) blockchain built on Optimism's Superchain, focused on providing a secure, scalable infrastructure for Web3 applications.

Kraken team owns and governs the protocol. Kraken's investors include RIT Capital Partners, Hummingbird Ventures, Money Partners Group, etc.

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Blockchains (L2)

# Ink Median transaction fee Methodology

## 1. Overview

The INK transaction fee median measures the middle value of transaction fees paid on the INK blockchain on a daily basis. This metric provides insight into typical transaction costs users pay, filtering out extreme outliers to show representative fee levels. The calculation combines both Layer 2 execution costs and Layer 1 data availability costs inherent to rollup architecture, expressed in USD for standardized comparison.

## 2. Data sources

- **INK blockchain transactions**: Complete transaction records from the INK blockchain including gas usage metrics, gas prices, and Layer 1 fee components
- **End-of-day price feeds**: ETH price data used for USD conversion, since INK uses ETH as its native gas token
- **Network configuration**: INK chain metadata including native token address (`0x4200000000000000000000000000000000000006`)

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Raw transaction data extraction
- **Purpose**: Gather all transaction data with associated fee components
- **Logic**: Extract transaction records from INK blockchain data including essential fee calculation inputs: `gas_used` (L2 execution gas), `gas_price` (L2 gas price), `l1_gas_used` (L1 data availability gas), `l1_gas_price` (L1 gas price), and `l1_fee_scalar` (L1 fee multiplier). Include transaction identifiers and timestamps for proper aggregation.
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp`, `transaction_hash`, `gas_used`, `gas_price`, `l1_gas_used`, `l1_gas_price`, `l1_fee_scalar`

### Component B: Individual transaction fee calculation  
- **Purpose**: Calculate the total fee for each individual transaction
- **Logic**: For each transaction, compute the total fee by adding two components: L2 execution cost calculated as `gas_used` multiplied by `gas_price`, and L1 data availability cost calculated as `l1_gas_used` multiplied by `l1_gas_price` multiplied by `l1_fee_scalar`. Convert both components from wei to ETH by dividing by 1e18. Use safe division functions to handle null values by defaulting to zero. The L1 component represents the cost of posting transaction data to Ethereum mainnet, while L2 represents execution costs on the INK rollup.
- **Key fields**: `fee_amount` (total transaction fee in ETH), `block_timestamp`

### Component C: Daily median aggregation
- **Purpose**: Calculate the median transaction fee for each day
- **Logic**: Group all transactions by day using timestamp truncation to day boundaries. For each day, calculate the median fee using statistical approximation functions that compute the 50th percentile of all transaction fees. This approach filters out extreme high and low fees to provide a representative middle value.
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` (daily boundary), `transaction_fee_median` (50th percentile fee)

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: The daily median values flow directly from the aggregation step without additional combining
- **Currency conversion**: Convert median fee values from ETH to USD using end-of-day ETH price feeds, applying proper decimal correction and currency conversion macros
- **Time aggregation**: Daily boundaries are maintained throughout, with timestamp grain explicitly set to 'day'
- **Final calculation**: The final metric represents the median transaction fee in USD for each day, with standardized formatting including chain identification, product categorization, and zero-filling for missing data points. Results are filtered based on chain availability configuration to ensure data quality.

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

Ink

Median transaction fee

Median transaction fee

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