Miners process transactions and receive fees from users (supply-side fees).

Dogecoin is a distributed ledger for transfer and store of value (a blockchain). Dogecoin was founded by Billy Markus & Jackson Palmer and launched in 2013.

DOGE holders own and govern the protocol. They currently do not take a cut of the total transaction fees paid by users (revenue).

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Blockchains (L1)

Dogecoin

# Dogecoin Expenses Methodology

## 1. Overview

Dogecoin expenses represent the total daily token incentives (mining rewards) paid to miners for validating transactions and securing the network. This metric measures the operational costs of the Dogecoin blockchain by calculating the daily sum of all DOGE tokens distributed through coinbase transactions, converted to USD. The calculation captures the economic expense of maintaining network security through proof-of-work consensus.

## 2. Data sources

- **Dogecoin transaction records**: Raw Dogecoin blockchain transaction data including coinbase transactions that contain miner reward distributions
- **Transaction outputs**: JSON-formatted output arrays within coinbase transactions that specify individual reward amounts paid to miners
- **End-of-day price feeds**: Daily DOGE token price data used for USD conversion
- **Token metadata**: DOGE token information including symbol and native token classification

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Historical token incentives extraction
- **Purpose**: Extracts daily miner rewards from historical Dogecoin data (before 2024-01-01)
- **Logic**: Filters Dogecoin transaction records for coinbase transactions using the `is_coinbase` flag. For each coinbase transaction, unnests the `outputs` array to access individual reward payments. Extracts the `value` field from each output using JSON parsing and casts it as a numeric amount. Groups all coinbase output values by daily timestamp using timestamp truncation and sums the total rewards paid each day.
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp` for daily grouping, `is_coinbase` for transaction filtering, `outputs` array containing reward values, `value` field representing individual reward amounts

### Component B: Recent token incentives extraction  
- **Purpose**: Extracts daily miner rewards from recent Dogecoin data (from 2024-01-01 onwards)
- **Logic**: Applies identical logic to Component A but focuses on recent data for incremental processing. Uses the same coinbase transaction filtering, output unnesting, and daily aggregation approach. Includes incremental processing logic to handle only new or updated data based on partition boundaries.
- **Key fields**: Same as Component A - `block_timestamp`, `is_coinbase`, `outputs` array, `value` field for reward amounts

### Component C: Token incentives consolidation
- **Purpose**: Combines historical and recent token incentives into a unified dataset
- **Logic**: Unions the historical and recent datasets using a simple union operation. Standardizes the output format by adding chain identification as 'dogecoin', token symbol as 'DOGE', contract name as 'DOGE', and token address as 'native'. Categorizes the data with business line as 'Blockchain', market sector as 'blockchains_l1', and business segment as 'blockchain'.
- **Key fields**: `daily_timestamp` for time reference, `token_incentives` for reward amounts, metadata fields for business categorization

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: The unified token incentives dataset flows directly into the expenses calculation without additional aggregation
- **Currency conversion**: Daily DOGE reward amounts are converted to USD using end-of-day price feeds through the currency conversion process
- **Time aggregation**: Data is aggregated at daily boundaries using timestamp truncation to the day level
- **Final calculation**: Expenses equal the total daily USD value of all miner rewards (token incentives) paid through coinbase transactions, with the `token_incentives` field renamed to `expenses` in the final output

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

Total project operating and incentive expenses.

DogecoinDOGE

Expenses

Expenses

Competitive landscape