Miners process transactions and receive fees from users (supply-side fees).

Dogecoin is a distributed ledger for transfer and store of value (a blockchain). Dogecoin was founded by Billy Markus & Jackson Palmer and launched in 2013.

DOGE holders own and govern the protocol. They currently do not take a cut of the total transaction fees paid by users (revenue).

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Blockchains (L1)

Dogecoin

# Dogecoin Average revenue per user (ARPU) Methodology

## 1. Overview

Average Revenue Per User (ARPU) for Dogecoin measures the average daily revenue generated per active user on the Dogecoin network. This metric is calculated by dividing daily revenue by daily active users. For Dogecoin, the revenue is consistently zero since Dogecoin operates as a simple blockchain where transaction fees go to miners rather than generating protocol revenue, resulting in an ARPU of zero across all time periods.

## 2. Data sources

The calculation utilizes the following raw data sources:
- **Dogecoin blockchain transactions**: Complete transaction records including inputs, outputs, transaction hashes, block timestamps, and values
- **Transaction input/output relationships**: Linkages between transaction inputs and their corresponding outputs from previous transactions
- **End-of-day token price feeds**: USD price data for Dogecoin (used in fee calculations though not directly for ARPU since revenue is zero)
- **Token metadata**: Decimal precision information for proper value calculations

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Daily active users calculation
- **Purpose**: Count unique users who initiated transactions each day
- **Logic**: Extract all transaction inputs from Dogecoin blockchain data, then resolve each input to its originating user address. For each transaction input, look up the corresponding output from a previous transaction using the transaction hash and output index to determine the user address that originally received those coins. Aggregate unique user addresses per day using HyperLogLog counting for scalable distinct operations. The data is processed in two segments: historical data (before 2019) and recent data (2019 onwards) for processing efficiency.
- **Key fields**: `user_address` (resolved from transaction inputs), `timestamp` (daily truncation of block timestamp), `transaction_hash` and `output_index` (for input resolution)

### Component B: Revenue calculation  
- **Purpose**: Calculate daily protocol revenue generated by the Dogecoin network
- **Logic**: For Dogecoin, revenue is explicitly set to zero for all days. This reflects the fact that Dogecoin operates as a simple blockchain where transaction fees are paid to miners as block rewards rather than generating revenue for a protocol. While transaction fees are calculated (by subtracting total output values from total input values per transaction), these fees are not considered protocol revenue in Token Terminal's framework.
- **Key fields**: `revenue` (hardcoded to 0), `timestamp` (daily granularity), `chain_id` (dogecoin identifier)

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: The ARPU calculation divides daily revenue by daily active users using the `calculate_arpu` macro
- **Currency conversion**: Not applicable since revenue is zero, but the framework includes USD conversion capabilities for fee calculations
- **Time aggregation**: Both revenue and user data are aggregated to daily boundaries using timestamp truncation to day level
- **Final calculation**: ARPU = Daily Revenue (0) ÷ Daily Active Users = 0 for all time periods. The result includes gap filling with zeros for any missing dates to ensure a continuous time series.

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

DogecoinDOGE

Average revenue per user (ARPU)

Average revenue per user (ARPU)

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