Validators process transactions and receive fees from users (supply-side fees). DA costs for users are reflected in the transactions fees paid.

Celestia is a proof of stake blockchain optimized for data availability (DA). Celestia was founded by Mustafa Al-Bassam, etc. and launched in 2023.

TIA holders own and govern the protocol. They currently do not take a cut of the total transaction fees paid by users (revenue). Celestia's investors include Polychain Capital, Placeholder, Coinbase Ventures, etc.

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Celestia

# Celestia Average transaction fee Methodology

## 1. Overview

The average transaction fee metric measures the mean fee paid per transaction on the Celestia blockchain on a daily basis. This metric answers the business question: "How much does the average user pay in fees for a transaction on Celestia?" The calculation divides total daily transaction fees by the total daily transaction count to provide an average fee per transaction, expressed in USD.

## 2. Data sources

The metric relies on the following raw data sources:
- **Celestia blockchain transaction records**: Raw transaction data including transaction fees, tips, block timestamps, and transaction hashes
- **End-of-day price feeds**: Token price data from CoinGecko for converting native Celestia tokens to USD
- **Token metadata**: Information about Celestia's native token including decimal places and CoinGecko identifier

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Transaction fee extraction
- **Purpose**: Extract and normalize transaction fees from raw Celestia blockchain data
- **Logic**: Raw transaction records are processed to extract `transaction_fee` and `transaction_tip` fields. Failed transactions (those with null fees) are filtered out. The total fee for each transaction is calculated by adding the base fee and tip, then converting from the smallest unit by dividing by 10^6 to get standard token units.
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp` for timing, `transaction_hash` for unique identification, `transaction_fee` and `transaction_tip` for fee amounts

### Component B: Daily fee aggregation
- **Purpose**: Aggregate individual transaction fees into daily totals and convert to USD
- **Logic**: Transaction fees are grouped by day using timestamp truncation to daily boundaries. Fees are summed for each day and the chain is identified as 'celestia'. The aggregated native token fees are then converted to USD using end-of-day price feeds from CoinGecko.
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` (daily), `chain_id`, `coingecko_id`, `fees` (in USD)

### Component C: Daily transaction count
- **Purpose**: Count the total number of transactions per day
- **Logic**: Transaction records are grouped by day and the distinct count of `transaction_hash` values is calculated to get the total number of unique transactions per day. This excludes any failed or duplicate transactions.
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` (daily), `chain_id`, `transaction_count`

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: The daily fee totals and daily transaction counts are joined on the timestamp field to ensure matching time periods
- **Currency conversion**: Fees are converted to USD using end-of-day CoinGecko price feeds applied to the native token amounts
- **Time aggregation**: All data is aggregated to daily boundaries using timestamp truncation
- **Final calculation**: The average transaction fee is calculated using safe division of total daily fees by total daily transaction count, which prevents division-by-zero errors when no transactions occur on a given day

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

CelestiaTIA

Average transaction fee

Average transaction fee

Competitive landscape