# Base Transactions per second Methodology

## 1. Overview

Transactions per second (TPS) measures the average throughput of the Base blockchain network. This metric calculates the daily average number of transactions processed per second by counting all unique transactions within each day and dividing by the total seconds in that day (86,400). The metric provides insight into network activity levels and processing capacity utilization on the Base Layer 2 network.

## 2. Data sources

- **Base blockchain transaction records**: Raw transaction data from the Base network including transaction hashes, block timestamps, sender/receiver addresses, and gas consumption metrics
- **Block timestamp data**: Precise timing information for when each transaction was included in a block on the Base network
- **Transaction metadata**: Gas usage metrics including `gas_used`, `l1_gas_used`, `gas_price`, `l1_gas_price`, and `l1_fee_scalar` for Layer 2 fee calculations

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Raw transaction data extraction
- **Purpose**: Extract and standardize raw Base blockchain transaction data
- **Logic**: Select transaction records from Base blockchain data, casting key fields to appropriate data types. Each record includes `transaction_hash`, `block_timestamp`, `from_address`, `to_address`, and various gas consumption metrics. The data is standardized with consistent field types and includes metadata like token address references (using WETH address as standard) and chain designation
- **Key fields**: `transaction_hash` for unique identification, `block_timestamp` for time-based grouping, address fields for transaction participants, and gas metrics for fee calculations

### Component B: Daily transaction aggregation
- **Purpose**: Count unique transactions per day to avoid double-counting
- **Logic**: Group all Base transactions by daily boundaries using timestamp truncation to day granularity. Apply approximate distinct counting on `transaction_hash` to efficiently handle large datasets while ensuring each unique transaction is counted only once per day. Include dimensional attributes like `chain_id` ('base'), `market_sector_id` ('blockchains_l2'), and `business_segment_id` ('blockchain') for proper categorization
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` truncated to day boundaries, `transaction_count` as approximate distinct count of transaction hashes, dimensional metadata for categorization

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: The daily transaction counts serve as input to the transactions per second calculation without additional joins
- **Currency conversion**: No currency conversion required as this is a count-based metric
- **Time aggregation**: Data is grouped by daily boundaries using timestamp truncation, maintaining consistent 24-hour periods
- **Final calculation**: Divide the daily transaction count by 86,400 (total seconds in a day) using safe division to prevent division by zero errors. Apply schema validation and gap filling using the finalization macro to ensure data completeness and consistency across time periods. Filter results based on chain availability to exclude periods where Base network data may be incomplete or unavailable

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

Average confirmed user transactions added per second.

Transactions per second

Base

Base batches users' transactions and submits them to Ethereum, paying a share of the transaction fees to Ethereum validators (expense).

Base is an Ethereum Layer 2 (L2) offering a secure, low-cost, builder-friendly way for anyone, anywhere, to build onchain.

Coinbase team owns and governs the protocol. Coinbase is a public company and its investors include Andreessen Horowitz, Vanguard Group, ARK Investment Management, etc.

Base

Transactions per second

Transactions per second

Competitive landscape

Chain breakdown