Validators process transactions and receive fees from users (supply-side fees).

Astar is a collective driving web3 adoption by connecting people through blockchain technology, business innovation, decentralized applications, and seamless digital experiences in the Polkadot ecosystem. Astar was founded by Sota Watanabe and launched in 2021.

ASTR tokenholders own and govern the protocol. Part of the transaction fees is burned (revenue). Astar’s investors include Binance, Polychain Capital, Crypto.com, etc.

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Astar

# Astar Total value locked Methodology

## 1. Overview

Total value locked (TVL) for Astar Staking is measured as the total value of ASTR assets locked in the protocol's staking mechanism. This metric represents the cumulative value of ASTR assets that have been staked to support dApps in the Astar ecosystem, providing insight into network staking participation and value secured by this core protocol feature. The calculation is performed by maintaining a running balance of staking deposits and withdrawals over time, with native amounts converted to USD values.

## 2. Data sources

- **Blockchain events**: `Locked`, `Relock`, and `Unlocking` events from `dappStaking` contracts, covering Astar Substrate
- **External data**: End-of-day price feeds for ASTR assets

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Raw event extraction

- **Purpose**: Extracts and standardizes all Astar blockchain events with daily timestamps.
- **Logic**: Raw events are retrieved from Astar Substrate, with block timestamps truncated to daily granularity. Event metadata, including block numbers, event indices, pallet information, and success status, is included in the extraction.
- **Key fields**: `timestamp`, `event_data`, `event_method`, `event_pallet`, `extrinsic_id`

### Component B: Staking event processing

- **Purpose**: Identifies and processes staking deposits for Astar Staking.
- **Logic**: Events are filtered where the pallet is `dappStaking` and the method is either `Locked` or `Relock`. Staking amounts are extracted from the event data and converted to numeric values representing deposited ASTR assets.
- **Key fields**: `amount`, `timestamp`, `extrinsic_id`, `chain`

### Component C: Unstaking event processing

- **Purpose**: Identifies and processes staking withdrawals for Astar Staking.
- **Logic**: Events are filtered where the pallet is `dappStaking` and the method is `Unlocking`. Unstaking amounts are extracted from the event data and treated as negative values to reflect the removal of assets from the staking pool.
- **Key fields**: `amount`, `timestamp`, `extrinsic_id`, `chain`

### Component D: Movement consolidation and daily aggregation

- **Purpose**: Combines staking and unstaking events into net daily balance changes.
- **Logic**: Staking deposits and unstaking withdrawals are consolidated into a single dataset. All movements are grouped by daily timestamp and summed to calculate net daily balance changes, representing the net flow of assets into or out of the staking mechanism.
- **Key fields**: `amount`, `timestamp`, `timestamp_grain`

### Component E: Cumulative balance calculation

- **Purpose**: Calculates the running total of staked ASTR assets over time.
- **Logic**: A cumulative sum is applied to the net daily balance changes, ordered by timestamp, to determine the total running balance of locked assets. This represents the total quantity of ASTR assets held in Astar Staking at any given time.
- **Key fields**: `amount`, `timestamp`, `chain_id`

### Component F: USD conversion and final aggregation

- **Purpose**: Normalize native assets and convert the cumulative balance to USD.
- **Logic**: The cumulative staked balance is used as the basis for the final TVL calculation. ASTR assets are normalized by decimal precision and converted to USD using end-of-day price feeds. Data is aggregated to daily boundaries using day-truncated timestamps, with forward-filling applied to ensure continuous time series coverage. The final TVL metric is calculated as the USD value of the total ASTR assets locked in Astar Staking.
- **Key fields**: `tvl`, `timestamp`, `chain_id`, `product_id`

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

Total value locked (TVL)

Total value locked (TVL) — value deposited into the project's applications.

AstarASTR

Total value locked

Total value locked

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