Validators process transactions and receive fees from users (supply-side fees).

The Open Network (TON) is a smart contract platform for decentralized applications (a blockchain). The Open Network was founded by Telegram and launched in 2019.

GRAM holders own and govern the protocol. They currently take (burn) a cut of the total transaction fees paid by users (revenue). The Open Network's investors include KuCoin Ventures, MEXC Ventures, DWF Labs, etc.

governance

github

twitter

etherscan

website

Blockchains (L1)

# TON Average transaction fee Methodology

## 1. Overview

The TON average transaction fee metric measures the mean cost per transaction on the TON blockchain, calculated as total daily fees divided by daily transaction count. This metric helps assess network usage costs and fee market dynamics on TON. All transaction-related fees (base fees plus forward fees) are aggregated and converted to USD using native TON asset pricing.

## 2. Data sources

- **Blockchain events**: Transaction and message records from the TON blockchain, covering TON
- **External data**: End-of-day price feeds for the native TON asset

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Fee aggregation

- **Purpose**: Calculate total fees per transaction by combining base transaction fees with forward fees from outgoing messages
- **Logic**: Extract transaction records and join with outgoing message records using transaction hash. For each transaction, sum all outgoing forward fees (`forward_fee` where direction equals 'out') and add to the base transaction fee (`total_fees`). Handle transactions with no outgoing messages by defaulting forward fees to zero. Group results by daily timestamp boundaries, transaction hash, and workchain identifier
- **Key fields**: `transaction_hash` for joining, `total_fees` for base fees, `forward_fee` for message fees, `direction` for filtering outgoing messages, `block_timestamp` for daily grouping

### Component B: Daily fee totals with USD conversion

- **Purpose**: Total fees are aggregated by day and converted from TON to USD using native TON asset pricing
- **Logic**: Calculated total fees (base plus forward fees) are summed for each day. Fees are normalized by decimal precision and converted to USD using end-of-day price feeds. Missing days are filled with zero values to ensure a complete time series
- **Key fields**: `fees` for daily totals, `timestamp` for daily boundaries

### Component C: Daily transaction counts

- **Purpose**: Count distinct transactions per day for denominator calculation
- **Logic**: Extract transaction records and count unique transaction hashes per day using approximate distinct counting. Group by daily timestamp boundaries and apply consistent metadata (chain ID, market sector, business segment). Fill missing days with zero counts to maintain complete time series
- **Key fields**: `transaction_hash` for distinct counting, `block_timestamp` for daily grouping, `transaction_count` for final counts

### Final aggregation

- **Combining components**: Join daily fee totals with daily transaction counts on timestamp to align numerator and denominator values
- **Currency conversion**: Fees are converted to USD using end-of-day native asset prices with proper decimal precision handling
- **Time aggregation**: Both components use daily timestamp truncation to ensure alignment on day boundaries
- **Final calculation**: Calculate average transaction fee using safe division of total daily fees by daily transaction count, with safe division handling cases where transaction count is zero to prevent division errors

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

TONGRAM

Average transaction fee

Average transaction fee

Competitive landscape