Stacks miners batch users' transactions and receive fees from users (supply-side fees). Miners submit transactions to Bitcoin, paying a share of the transaction fees to Bitcoin miners.

Stacks is an smart contract platform for creating decentralized applications on Bitcoin (a blockchain). Stacks was founded by Muneeb Ali and Ryan Shea, and launched in 2021.

STX tokenholders own and govern the protocol. They currently do not take a cut of the total transaction fees paid by users (revenue). Stacks' investors include IOSG Ventures, The Spartan Group, Hashkey Exchange, etc.

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Stacks

# Stacks Average transaction fee Methodology

## 1. Overview

The Stacks average transaction fee metric measures the mean cost per transaction on the Stacks blockchain, expressed in USD. This metric answers the question: "What is the typical fee a user pays to have their transaction processed on Stacks?" Stacks uses a byte-based fee model where fees are denominated in micro-STX (1 STX = 1,000,000 micro-STX). The calculation divides total daily fees in USD by the total number of user transactions processed that day, excluding system transactions (coinbase and tenure_change).

## 2. Data sources

- **Stacks blockchain transaction data**: Individual transaction records with transaction hashes, block timestamps, transaction types, and fee amounts in micro-STX
- **CoinGecko price data**: Daily STX/USD exchange rates using the CoinGecko identifier `blockstack`

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Daily transaction fee calculation
- **Purpose**: Calculate the total transaction fees collected each day in USD
- **Logic**: Extract fee data from Stacks transaction records. System transactions (coinbase and tenure_change) are excluded. Convert fees from micro-STX to STX by dividing by 10^6. Group transactions by day using timestamp truncation, then sum all fees for each day. Join with daily STX/USD price data to convert the STX fee amounts to USD equivalents by multiplying daily fee totals by the corresponding day's STX price.
- **Key fields**: `fee` (transaction fee in micro-STX), `block_timestamp` (transaction time), `price` (daily STX/USD exchange rate)

### Component B: Daily transaction count calculation
- **Purpose**: Count the total number of user transactions processed each day
- **Logic**: Extract individual transaction records from Stacks transaction data, excluding system transactions (coinbase and tenure_change). Group transactions by day using timestamp truncation of the `block_timestamp`. Count distinct `transaction_hash` values for each day to ensure each transaction is counted only once.
- **Key fields**: `transaction_hash` (unique transaction identifier), `block_timestamp` (transaction processing time)

### Component C: Price data consolidation
- **Purpose**: Provide consistent daily STX/USD prices
- **Logic**: STX prices are sourced from CoinGecko using the `blockstack` identifier and aggregated to daily level. Daily price points are matched to transaction dates for USD conversion.
- **Key fields**: `price` (STX/USD exchange rate), `timestamp` (price date)

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: Join the daily fee totals with daily transaction counts on the date field. Both components are pre-aggregated to daily level, so this is a one-to-one join by date
- **Currency conversion**: USD conversion occurs in the fee calculation component, where STX fee amounts are multiplied by daily STX/USD prices before aggregation
- **Time aggregation**: All data is aggregated to daily boundaries using timestamp truncation to day level, ensuring consistent time alignment between fee and count data
- **Final calculation**: Divide total daily fees in USD by total daily transaction count using safe division to handle edge cases where transaction count might be zero. This produces the average transaction fee in USD for each day

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

StacksSTX

Average transaction fee

Average transaction fee

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