Scroll batches users' transactions and submits them to Ethereum, paying a share of the transaction fees to Ethereum validators (expense).

Scroll is an L2 smart contract platform for decentralized applications on Ethereum. Scroll was founded by Sandy Peng, Haichen Shen, and Ye Zhang and launched in 2023.

SCR tokenholders own and govern the protocol. Scroll's investors include Polychain, Qiming Venture Partners, etc.

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Scroll

# Scroll Expenses Methodology

## 1. Overview

Scroll expenses represents the total operational costs incurred by the Scroll Layer 2 blockchain protocol. This metric combines two primary expense categories: Layer 1 settlement fees paid to secure transactions on Ethereum, and token incentives distributed through airdrops to users and ecosystem participants. The metric provides a comprehensive view of Scroll's operational expenses, measured in USD and aggregated daily.

## 2. Data sources

The calculation uses the following raw data sources:
- **Ethereum transaction records**: Transaction data from Ethereum mainnet, specifically transactions sent to Scroll's sequencer address
- **Scroll blockchain event logs**: Parsed `TokenDistributor_Claimed_event` logs from Scroll's token distribution contract
- **End-of-day token price feeds**: USD price data for ETH and Scroll tokens used for currency conversion
- **Token metadata**: Information about token decimals and symbols for proper amount calculations

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Settlement fees calculation
- **Purpose**: Calculates the Layer 1 settlement costs paid by Scroll to Ethereum for transaction finalization
- **Logic**: The calculation identifies all Ethereum transactions where the recipient address matches Scroll's sequencer address (`0xa13baf47339d63b743e7da8741db5456dac1e556`). For each transaction, it extracts gas pricing information including both regular gas prices and blob gas prices (for EIP-4844 transactions). The total settlement cost per transaction is calculated as the sum of regular gas costs (`gas_used_amount` × `gas_price`) and blob gas costs (`blob_gas_used_amount` × `blob_gas_price`). These amounts are converted from wei to ETH by dividing by 10^18, then converted to USD using end-of-day price feeds
- **Key fields**: Important fields include `block_timestamp` for daily aggregation, `transaction_hash` for transaction identification, `receipt_effective_gas_price` and `receipt_blob_gas_price` for gas pricing, `receipt_gas_used` and `receipt_blob_gas_used` for gas consumption amounts, and the calculated `l1_settlement_amount` representing the ETH cost

### Component B: Token incentives calculation  
- **Purpose**: Tracks the USD value of Scroll tokens distributed through airdrop programs as user incentives
- **Logic**: The calculation monitors the `TokenDistributor_Claimed_event` logs on the Scroll blockchain to capture all airdrop claims. It filters for events involving the Scroll token contract address (`0xd29687c813d741e2f938f4ac377128810e217b1b`) and includes only claims that occurred before March 26, 2025. The raw token amounts from the event logs are processed with decimal correction to convert from the smallest token unit to the standard token denomination, then converted to USD using end-of-day price feeds
- **Key fields**: Key fields include `block_timestamp` for daily aggregation, `transaction_hash` and `log_index` for event identification, `token_address` for token contract reference, and `amount` representing the number of tokens claimed in the airdrop

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: The settlement fees and token incentives are combined using a union operation, treating both as expense line items with consistent schema structure including timestamp, chain identification, and USD amounts
- **Currency conversion**: All amounts are converted to USD using end-of-day price feeds through the convert_to_usd_and_correct_decimals macro, which handles both currency conversion and decimal normalization
- **Time aggregation**: Data is aggregated to daily boundaries using timestamp truncation, with all transactions and events within a calendar day contributing to that day's expense total
- **Final calculation**: The final expense value for each day represents the sum of all L1 settlement costs and token incentive distributions, expressed in USD, with a forward-fill strategy applied to ensure no gaps exist in the daily time series

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

Total project operating and incentive expenses.

ScrollSCR

Expenses

Expenses

Competitive landscape

Chain breakdown