KOLD, issued by Robinhood Europe, UAB, is a tokenized-commodities derivative contract that gives onchain price exposure to ProShares UltraShort Bloomberg Natural Gas, a U.S.-listed commodity-linked exchange-traded product, without conveying ownership of the underlying units [S1][S2][S3].

The token tracks the live price of ProShares UltraShort Bloomberg Natural Gas (KOLD), with each token corresponding to one underlying unit [S1][S3]. Tokens are displayed in U.S. dollars and bought or sold in euros, and the holder bears a 0.10% foreign exchange fee on each order with no added spreads and no commissions from Robinhood [S4][S3][S5]. If the underlying issues a distribution and eligibility requirements are met, an equivalent cash amount is passed through in euros, free of the foreign exchange fee [S6][S2].

Robinhood Europe, UAB, company code 306377915, is a Lithuanian entity authorized and regulated by the Bank of Lithuania, offering these products under MiFID II as over-the-counter derivative contracts [S2][S1]. Each tokenholder's claim is contractual against Robinhood Europe rather than a right to the hedged units, which are held by a U.S.-licensed institution [S1][S2]. The product is available to eligible retail customers across thirty EU and EEA countries who pass KYC, AML and an appropriateness assessment [S5][S4]. There is no in-kind redemption; holders exit by selling in-app, with a T+1 withdrawal hold, and bear Robinhood's insolvency risk [S4][S1].

Tokens are issued natively on Arbitrum, an Ethereum Layer 2, and are recorded onchain when the derivative contract is entered [S5][S1]. They cannot be transferred to external wallets [S2]. Trading runs in-app from Monday to Saturday around the clock, with orders queued outside those hours, pricing tracks the U.S.-listed instrument, and sell proceeds settle for withdrawal at T+1 [S4][S3][S5].

<Sources
  retrievedAt="2026-06-18"
  items={[
    { id: "S1", url: "https://robinhood.com/eu/en/support/articles/about-stock-tokens/" },
    { id: "S2", url: "https://robinhood.com/eu/en/support/articles/stock-tokens-faq/" },
    { id: "S3", url: "https://robinhood.com/eu/en/invest/" },
    { id: "S4", url: "https://robinhood.com/eu/en/support/articles/buy-and-sell-stock-tokens/" },
    { id: "S5", url: "https://robinhood.com/us/en/newsroom/robinhood-launches-stock-tokens-reveals-layer-2-blockchain-and-expands-crypto-suite-in-eu-and-us-with-perpetual-futures-and-staking/" },
    { id: "S6", url: "https://robinhood.com/eu/en/support/articles/corporate-actions-for-stock-tokens/" },
  ]}
/>


# Asset holders methodology

## 1. Overview

Asset holders is measured as the number of unique addresses that hold a non-zero balance of a project’s assets. This metric is used by investors to track the expansion or contraction of the asset holder base over time. Data is aggregated daily for each tracked asset across all supported blockchain networks.

## 2. Data sources

- **EVM chain data**: Ledger state and ERC-20 `Transfer` events, covering EVM-compatible chains (Ethereum, Arbitrum, Base, Polygon, Optimism, and others).
- **Solana instructions**: SPL token account data and transfer instructions.
- **Other chain types**: Account and balance data from Aptos, Near, and Polkadot Asset Hub.
- **Asset metadata**: Token contract addresses and decimal precision retrieved from asset metadata.

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Address balance identification

- **Purpose**: Identify all unique addresses associated with a specific token and determine their current holdings.
- **Logic**: For EVM-compatible chains, balances are derived by parsing ERC-20 `Transfer` events or by querying the ledger state for all addresses that have interacted with the token contract. On Solana, account balances are retrieved from the SPL token program. Similar account-based balance records are extracted for Aptos, Near, and Polkadot Asset Hub to identify the population of potential holders.
- **Key fields**: `token_address` (the contract address of the asset), `address` (the unique identifier of the holder), `timestamp` (the time of the state record).

### Component B: Normalization and non-zero filtering

- **Purpose**: Ensure token amounts are accurate and exclude addresses that no longer hold the asset.
- **Logic**: Decimal precision is retrieved from token metadata for each asset. All raw amounts are normalized by decimal precision. A filter is applied to exclude any address where the resulting balance is zero. Only addresses with a positive balance are retained for the final count.
- **Key fields**: `amount` (the normalized quantity of tokens held), `decimals` (the precision factor for the asset).

### Component C: Daily aggregation and gap filling

- **Purpose**: Calculate the final daily count and ensure continuity in the time series.
- **Logic**: Unique addresses are counted for each asset per chain on a daily grain. The data is combined across all chains to provide a total holder count per asset. For days where no new balance changes are recorded, the metric is filled with zero values or the previous known state is maintained to ensure a continuous daily record.
- **Key fields**: `asset_holders` (the count of unique addresses), `timestamp` (the day of the observation).

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

Unique addresses holding a non-zero balance of the asset.

Asset holders

Tokenized commodities

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website

Real-world asset (RWA) issuers

Robinhood

ProShares UltraShort Bloomberg Natural Gas (Robinhood Classic Stock Token) (KOLD) is a token tracking natural gas, issued by Robinhood through Robinhood Europe, UAB.

Each token tracks one MMBtu of natural gas and is a synthetic instrument that provides contractual exposure to the reference asset.

Retail investors and professional investors can mint and redeem directly with Robinhood after completing KYC, and holders have a contractual right to redeem, with same- or next-business-day settlement.

Robinhood Europe, UAB is incorporated in Lithuania, is a MiFID II financial instrument, and is supervised by the Bank of Lithuania.

Holder terms are governed by the law of Lithuania.

KOLD has been issued on Arbitrum One as an ERC-20 token since July 2025.

ProShares UltraShort Bloomberg Natural Gas (Robinhood Classic Stock Token)KOLD