Validators process transactions and receive validator rewards (supply-side fees).

NEAR Protocol is a smart contract platform for decentralized applications (a blockchain). NEAR Protocol was founded by Alexander Skidanov & Ilya Polosukhin and launched in 2017.

NEAR holders own and govern the protocol. They currently take (burn) all of the total transaction fees paid by users (revenue). NEAR Protocol's investors include a16z, Pantera Capital, Libertus, etc.

governance

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Blockchains (L1)

NEAR Protocol

# near Tokenholders Methodology

## 1. Overview

The total number of unique addresses holding a non-zero balance of the native NEAR asset is measured by Tokenholders. Both liquid (non-staked) and staked balances are included in this calculation to provide a comprehensive view of asset distribution across the network. This metric is used to evaluate the size, growth, and decentralization of the user base on the Near network.

## 2. Data sources

- **Blockchain events**: Account balance changes and transaction receipts from the Near network
- **External data**: Asset metadata for decimal normalization

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Balance change identification

- **Purpose**: Capture all on-chain updates that modify the balance of an account.
- **Logic**: Account balance updates are extracted from ledger changes, specifically focusing on non-staked and staked balance fields. These updates are indexed against transaction receipts to maintain a precise sequence of balance-altering actions across the Near network.
- **Key fields**: `affected_account_nonstaked_balance` and `affected_account_staked_balance`.

### Component B: Daily balance snapshotting

- **Purpose**: Determine the ending balance for every active address on a daily basis.
- **Logic**: The final balance state for each address is isolated by identifying the last recorded change within each UTC day. For days without active ledger changes, the preceding balance is carried forward to ensure a complete dataset for every account. All recorded amounts are normalized by decimal precision.
- **Key fields**: `nonstaked_balance` and `staked_balance`.

### Component C: Unique holder calculation

- **Purpose**: Aggregate the total count of addresses with a positive asset balance.
- **Logic**: Distinct account addresses are evaluated to confirm a balance greater than zero in either the staked or non-staked category. The total number of unique addresses meeting this threshold is aggregated daily.
- **Key fields**: `account_address`.

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

Unique addresses holding a non-zero balance of the project's native token.

NEAR ProtocolNEAR

Token holders

Token holders

Competitive landscape