Linea batches users' transactions and submits them to Ethereum, paying a share of the transaction fees to Ethereum validators (expense).

Linea is an L2 smart contract platform for decentralized applications on Ethereum. Linea was founded by the ConsenSys team and launched in 2023.

ConsenSys team owns and governs the protocol. ConsenSys's investors include ParaFi Capital, Microsoft, Coinbase Ventures, etc.

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Blockchains (L2)

Linea

# Linea Block time Methodology

## 1. Overview

Block time measures the average time interval between consecutive blocks on the Linea blockchain, expressed in milliseconds and aggregated daily. This metric indicates the network's block production efficiency and consistency. The calculation takes consecutive blocks, measures the time between their production, and averages these intervals on a daily basis to provide insight into the blockchain's operational performance.

## 2. Data sources

The calculation uses the following raw data sources:
- **Linea blockchain block data**: Core blockchain infrastructure data containing block production records including `block_number` and `block_timestamp` fields for each block produced on the Linea network
- **Block metadata**: Timestamp and sequential numbering information for each block in the Linea blockchain

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Block data preparation
- **Purpose**: Extract and prepare block timing data from the Linea blockchain
- **Logic**: Retrieve block timestamps and block numbers from Linea blockchain data. Filter out the genesis block (block number 0) since it has an artificial timestamp at the Unix epoch start, which would distort block time calculations. Apply incremental processing logic to focus on recent data when updating the metric.
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp` contains when each block was produced, `block_number` provides sequential block ordering

### Component B: Consecutive block pairing
- **Purpose**: Create pairs of consecutive blocks to enable time interval calculation
- **Logic**: Use a lag window function ordered by block number to associate each block with the timestamp of the immediately previous block. This creates the necessary data structure to calculate time intervals between consecutive block productions.
- **Key fields**: `previous_timestamp` holds the timestamp of the prior block, enabling interval calculations

### Component C: Block time interval calculation  
- **Purpose**: Calculate the actual time intervals between consecutive blocks
- **Logic**: Compute the time difference in milliseconds between each block's timestamp and its predecessor's timestamp. Filter out records where no previous timestamp exists (typically the first block in the dataset).
- **Key fields**: `block_time` contains the millisecond interval between consecutive blocks

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: Group block time intervals by day using timestamp truncation to day granularity
- **Time aggregation**: Calculate the average block time for each day across all blocks produced that day
- **Metadata enrichment**: Add classification fields including `chain_id` as 'linea', `market_sector_id` as 'blockchains_l2', and `business_segment_id` as 'blockchain'
- **Final calculation**: The final metric represents the daily average time in milliseconds between consecutive block productions on the Linea network, providing insight into network performance and block production consistency

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

avg(block_timestamp - previous_block_timestamp)

LineaLINEA

Block time

Block time

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