Validators process transactions and receive fees from users (supply-side fees).

Gnosis Chain is a smart contract platform for decentralized applications (a blockchain). Gnosis was founded by Martin Köppelmann and Stefan George and launched in 2015.

GNO holders own and govern the protocol. They currently take a cut of the total transaction fees paid by users (revenue). 

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Gnosis

# Gnosis Block time Methodology

## 1. Overview

The Gnosis block time metric measures the average time interval between consecutive blocks produced on the Gnosis blockchain, aggregated daily. This metric provides insight into the network's block production consistency and performance. The calculation analyzes timestamps of consecutive blocks to determine the time differences, then averages these intervals on a daily basis to produce a smoothed measure of block production timing.

## 2. Data sources

The calculation relies on the following raw data source:
- **Gnosis blockchain block headers**: Contains fundamental blockchain metadata including block timestamps, block numbers, base fees per gas, and gas usage for each block produced on the Gnosis network

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Block timestamp extraction
- **Purpose**: Retrieves block timestamps and numbers from Gnosis blockchain data
- **Logic**: Extracts the `timestamp` and `number` fields from Gnosis blockchain block headers, converting the block number to integer format. This provides the foundational data points needed to calculate time intervals between consecutive blocks
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp` (when each block was produced) and `block_number` (sequential block identifier)

### Component B: Consecutive block pairing
- **Purpose**: Pairs each block with its immediately preceding block to enable time difference calculations
- **Logic**: Uses a lag window function to associate each block with the timestamp of the previous block, ordered by ascending block number. This creates pairs of consecutive blocks where time intervals can be calculated
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp` (current block time), `block_number` (current block), and `previous_timestamp` (preceding block time)

### Component C: Block time interval calculation
- **Purpose**: Calculates the actual time difference between consecutive blocks
- **Logic**: Computes the time difference in milliseconds between each block and its predecessor using timestamp subtraction. Filters out any records where the previous timestamp is null (such as the genesis block). Truncates block timestamps to day boundaries to prepare for daily aggregation
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` (day-level timestamp), `block_time` (milliseconds between consecutive blocks)

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: All block time intervals within each day are aggregated using an average function to produce a single daily block time metric
- **Currency conversion**: Not applicable for this time-based metric
- **Time aggregation**: Data is aggregated to daily boundaries using timestamp truncation, with all block intervals within a calendar day averaged together
- **Final calculation**: The final metric represents the average block time in milliseconds for each day, calculated as the mean of all individual block-to-block time intervals that occurred within that day. The result includes standard metadata fields identifying this as a Gnosis blockchain metric in the layer-1 blockchain market sector

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

avg(block_timestamp - previous_block_timestamp)

GnosisGNO

Block time

Block time

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