IAU, issued by Dinari, Inc., is a tokenized commodity-exposure product that tracks iShares Gold Trust, a U.S.-listed exchange-traded product, through an onchain token backed one-to-one by the underlying security held in a custodial brokerage account [S1][S2][S3].

IAU gives the tokenholder economic exposure to iShares Gold Trust (IAU), with each token kept fully backed one-to-one because a mint or burn occurs only when a corresponding order completes at the brokerage partner [S1][S3]. Buy and sell orders carry a fee of one U.S. dollar plus 0.25% when paid in USD+ on Ethereum, or one U.S. dollar plus 0.50% in USDC or USDT, with reduced flat fees on Layer 2 networks, plus network costs [S4].

Dinari, Inc. is a U.S. company registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission as a transfer agent under Section 17A(c) [S5][S6]. Each token is a dShare representing the underlying security rather than a derivative, conferring economic shareholder rights but not voting rights [S1][S2]. Tokens are offered under Regulation S and are not available in the United States or to U.S. persons, only to KYC-verified wallets across 85-plus jurisdictions, subject to AML screening [S7][S2]. Tokenholders may exit at the underlying market price; redemption is initiated by escrowing tokens, routing the order to the broker-dealer Alpaca for execution, and burning the tokens [S2][S1][S3].

Tokens are issued as ERC-20 tokens with compliance and transfer-restriction features for OFAC, AML, and securities requirements, natively on Base, an Ethereum Layer 2, Arbitrum, an Ethereum Layer 2, and Ethereum [S8]. Issuance escrows funds onchain, forwards the order to Alpaca for execution, and mints tokens upon a confirmed fill; mint and burn occur only when the brokerage order completes, preserving the one-to-one ratio [S1][S3].

<Sources
  retrievedAt="2026-06-19"
  items={[
    { id: "S1", url: "https://docs.dinari.com/docs/what-is-dshare" },
    { id: "S2", url: "https://dinari.com/dshares" },
    { id: "S3", url: "https://dinari.com/api-terms" },
    { id: "S4", url: "https://docs.dinari.com/docs/fees" },
    { id: "S5", url: "https://dinari.com/privacy" },
    { id: "S6", url: "https://dinari.com/business" },
    { id: "S7", url: "https://docs.dinari.com/docs/restrictions" },
    { id: "S8", url: "https://docs.dinari.com/docs/blockchain" },
  ]}
/>


# Asset senders (daily) methodology

## 1. Overview

Asset senders (daily) is calculated as the number of unique addresses that initiate asset transfers within a fixed 24-hour window. Daily activity is measured from 00:00 UTC to 23:59 UTC for each tracked asset. Active transactors are isolated from passive recipients by identifying only the sending addresses of transactions. This metric is utilized to evaluate the daily active user base and transaction utility of tokenized assets across multiple blockchain networks.

## 2. Data sources

- **EVM chain events**: ERC-20 `Transfer` events, covering EVM-compatible chains (Ethereum, Arbitrum, Base, Polygon, Optimism, and others)
- **Solana instructions**: Token transfer instructions, covering Solana
- **Aptos, Cardano, Stellar Classic, and Sui events**: Token withdraw events, covering Aptos, Cardano, Stellar, and Sui
- **Near, Algorand, Injective, Ripple, and Stellar Soroban events**: Token transfer events, covering Near, Algorand, Injective, Ripple, and Stellar
- **Polkadot Asset Hub events**: `Transferred` events from the `assets` pallet, covering Polkadot Asset Hub
- **Asset metadata**: Token addresses and chain configurations

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Extract sender addresses

- **Purpose**: Identify and extract the unique sending addresses for each asset transfer across all supported chains.
- **Logic**: On EVM-compatible chains, sending addresses are extracted from the `from` field of ERC-20 `Transfer` events, excluding the zero address to filter out mint transactions. On Solana, sending addresses are extracted from the authority address field of token transfer instructions. On Aptos, Cardano, Stellar Classic, and Sui, sending addresses are identified from the account address field of token withdraw events. On Near, Algorand, Injective, and Stellar Soroban, sending addresses are extracted from the sender address field of token transfer events, with null addresses excluded. On Ripple, sending addresses are extracted from token transfer events where the transfer value is negative. On Polkadot Asset Hub, sending addresses are extracted from the event data of `Transferred` events emitted by the `assets` pallet.
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` (block timestamp truncated to daily grain), `token_address` (the contract or asset identifier), `sender_address` (the address initiating the transfer)

### Component B: Consolidate and deduplicate sender data

- **Purpose**: Aggregate sender addresses across all chains and prepare the dataset for daily unique counting.
- **Logic**: Sender records from all individual chains are consolidated into a unified dataset. For each asset on each chain, the sending addresses are grouped by day. To prevent double-counting, duplicate sender addresses for the same asset on the same chain within the same 24-hour window are removed.
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` (daily timestamp), `chain_id` (blockchain identifier), `token_address` (asset address), `sender_address` (unique sending address)

### Component C: Final aggregation

- **Purpose**: Calculate the final daily active sender count per asset and per chain.
- **Logic**: The consolidated dataset is aggregated to compute the daily active senders. Unique sending addresses are counted for each asset on a daily basis, both at the individual chain level and aggregated across all chains for multi-chain assets. If no transfer activity is recorded for a tracked asset on a given day, the daily sender count is filled with zero values.
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` (daily timestamp), `chain_id` (blockchain identifier), `token_address` (asset address), `asset_dau` (daily active senders count)

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

Unique asset senders over a fixed 24-hour window.

Asset senders (daily)

Tokenized commodities

Dinari earns revenue from transaction fees on dShare issuance and redemption, platform fees charged to partner integrators that consume its tokenization API, and the yield spread on the Treasury reserves backing USD+. Its go-to-market is B2B — third-party wallets, brokerages, and fintechs integrate Dinari as an infrastructure layer rather than end users interacting with Dinari directly.

Dinari issues dShares — ERC-20 tokens backed 1:1 by the underlying equity or ETF, held with licensed custodians. Each share is purchased on traditional markets before the corresponding token is minted, so token prices track real market pricing. The catalog covers 150+ tokenized stocks and ETFs (e.g. AAPL, NVDA, TSLA, SPY). Dinari also issues USD+, a Treasury-backed yield-bearing stablecoin. Products are available on Arbitrum, Base, Blast, Ethereum, Avalanche, and Plume.

Dinari is a US-based fintech that operates as an SEC-registered transfer agent, providing infrastructure for tokenizing publicly traded US equities and ETFs as onchain assets called dShares. Rather than serving end users directly, Dinari positions itself as a B2B infrastructure layer used by partner platforms (e.g. Gemini, Cadana, Fasset) to offer tokenized US securities across 80+ countries.

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Real-world asset (RWA) issuers

Dinari

Dinari iShares Gold Trust (IAU) is a gold-backed token issued by Dinari through Dinari, Inc.

Each token represents a claim on allocated gold and is a direct claim on the issuer.

The backing metal is held in vaults operated by Alpaca Securities LLC on a segregated basis.

Retail investors, professional investors, accredited investors, qualified investors, qualified purchasers, and institutions can mint and redeem directly with Dinari after completing KYC, and holders have a contractual right to redeem for the metal's cash value.

Dinari, Inc. is incorporated in the United States and is offered under an SEC Regulation S exemption.

Holder terms are governed by the law of Delaware in the United States.

IAU has been issued on public blockchains since November 2024 and is native to Arbitrum One, Base, Avalanche, Blast, and Ethereum.

Dinari iShares Gold TrustIAU