bMSTR, issued by Backed Assets (JE) Limited, is a tokenized tracker certificate that gives onchain exposure to the market value of MicroStrategy, a U.S.-listed instrument [S1][S2].

The token tracks the price of MicroStrategy (MSTR) and is fully collateralized 1:1 by the underlying asset, which Backed purchases via a broker and holds with a licensed third-party custodian [S3][S1][S4]. If the underlying issues a dividend or distribution and eligibility requirements are met, the corresponding economic value accrues to the tokenholder; holding a token conveys economic exposure rather than shareholder or voting rights [S3][S1]. No management, minting, or redemption fee schedule is disclosed [S1].

The certificates are issued by Backed Assets (JE) Limited, incorporated in Jersey, while the tokenization platform is operated by Backed Finance AG of Zug, Switzerland, with Swiss law applying [S3][S1][S4]. They are bankruptcy-remote tracker certificates issued under a Base Prospectus approved in Liechtenstein by the Financial Market Authority [S1][S2]. They are offered only to Qualified Investors, not to U.S. persons or UK clients, subject to KYC and AML onboarding [S1][S5]. Eligible holders may redeem tokens for the cash value of the underlying, and assets are held segregated with regulated custodians [S3][S4].

The tokens are issued natively on Avalanche, Base, Arbitrum, Ethereum, Gnosis, Polygon and Sonic [S2]. When a user buys a token, Backed orders the underlying from its broker, holds it with the custodian, and issues the token, usually within minutes [S4][S6]. Proof of reserves is provided through Chainlink Proof of Reserve with independent auditor The Network Firm, and reserve data is published onchain [S6].

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  retrievedAt="2026-06-19"
  items={[
    { id: "S1", url: "https://assets.backed.fi/" },
    { id: "S2", url: "https://assets.backed.fi/legal-documentation" },
    { id: "S3", url: "https://backed.fi" },
    { id: "S4", url: "https://backed.fi/news-updates/introducing-backed-finance" },
    { id: "S5", url: "https://assets.backed.fi/products" },
    { id: "S6", url: "https://backed.fi/news-updates/chainlink-proof-of-reserve-is-now-active" },
  ]}
/>


# Asset redemptions methodology

## 1. Overview

The total value of tokenized assets that are burned or returned to issuer-controlled addresses in exchange for offchain collateral assets is measured by the asset redemptions metric. User demand to exit asset positions and reclaim backing collateral is reflected by this metric. Daily redemption volumes are aggregated across all supported blockchains and converted to USD using end-of-day price feeds. A comprehensive view of capital outflows from tokenized assets is provided by this metric.

## 2. Data sources

- **EVM chain events**: ERC-20 token transfers, covering EVM-compatible chains (Ethereum, Arbitrum, Base, Polygon, Optimism, and others)
- **Solana instructions**: SPL token burn instructions and balance changes
- **Non-EVM chain events**: Native token burn events, transaction net flows, and asset pallet events covering Algorand, Cardano, Injective, Near, Polkadot Asset Hub, Ripple, Stacks, Stellar, and Sui
- **Asset metadata**: Token addresses and decimal precision
- **External data**: End-of-day price feeds

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Extract raw redemption and burn events

- **Purpose**: Token destruction or return to issuer custody across all supported blockchains is identified.
- **Logic**: On EVM-compatible chains, ERC-20 `Transfer` events are parsed where the recipient is the zero address or the dead address. On Solana, SPL token `Burn` instructions are parsed. On Algorand, token transfers to non-circulating configuration addresses (such as creator or reserve addresses) are extracted. On Cardano, negative token deltas are derived from transaction outputs and inputs. On Injective, token transfers with a burn event type are selected. On Near, token burn events are extracted. On Polkadot Asset Hub, `Burned` events from the assets pallet are parsed. On Ripple, transaction net flows that result in issuer inflows are identified. On Stacks, token transfers where the recipient address is null are parsed. On Stellar, SEP-41 `sep41_burn` events are extracted. On Sui, negative deltas are derived from total supply changes of treasury control objects.
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` (event time), `token_address` (asset contract address), `amount` (raw quantity)

### Component B: Apply premint corrections

- **Purpose**: Raw burn volumes are adjusted to exclude non-circulating token movements and include circulation exits.
- **Logic**: For supported assets, raw burn volumes are adjusted by subtracting preburns and adding premint redemptions. Preburns, which represent tokens burned directly from issuer-controlled premint addresses without ever entering circulation, are subtracted from the total. Premint redemptions, which represent transfers from circulating addresses back into premint addresses, are added to the total as they represent assets exiting active circulation.
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` (event time), `token_address` (asset contract address), `amount` (corrected quantity)

### Component C: Normalization and USD conversion

- **Purpose**: Token quantities are normalized by decimal precision and converted to USD.
- **Logic**: Daily token-denominated redemption amounts are aggregated by timestamp, chain, and token address. These amounts are normalized by decimal precision retrieved from token metadata. The normalized redemption amounts are then multiplied by end-of-day price feeds sourced from market data providers to calculate the final USD-denominated redemption value. If no redemptions occur on a given day, the daily value is filled with zero values.
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` (day), `chain_id` (blockchain identifier), `token_address` (asset contract address), `amount` (normalized token quantity), `price_usd` (asset price), `value` (USD-denominated redemption value)

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

Value of assets redeemed or burned for underlying collateral.

Asset redemptions

Tokenized stocks

The platform operates through a comprehensive infrastructure that includes Chainlink oracles for verified price data, Chainlink Proof of Reserve for transparent collateral verification, and Chainlink CCIP for cross-chain bridging capabilities. Backed Finance provides both retail products through partnerships with major exchanges like Kraken and Bybit, and institutional tokenization services that allow funds and financial institutions to create custom tokenized investment products within weeks. The business model encompasses both direct token issuance and a turnkey tokenization platform for enterprise clients seeking to digitize their investment strategies and fund structures.

Backed Finance creates tokenized representations of real-world assets (RWAs) including stocks, ETFs, and bonds as ERC-20 tokens called bTokens and xStocks that are fully composable with DeFi protocols. Each token is backed 1:1 by the underlying asset held by licensed third-party custodians, allowing users to gain exposure to traditional financial markets within the decentralized finance ecosystem. The platform offers multichain support and enables users to bridge assets across different blockchains while maintaining full redeemability for the underlying asset's cash value.

Backed Finance is a Swiss-based fintech company that specializes in bringing traditional financial assets onto blockchain infrastructure through tokenization. The company operates under a compliant regulatory framework based on the Swiss DLT Act to provide institutional-grade tokenized securities.

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Real-world asset (RWA) issuers

Backed Finance

Backed MicroStrategy (bMSTR) is a token tracking MSTR shares, backed by dedicated collateral, issued by Backed Finance through Backed Assets (JE) Limited, and distributed through Backed Finance AG with Alpaca Securities LLC, InCore Bank AG, and Maerki Baumann & Co. AG as broker.

The underlying security is listed in the financials sector in North America.

Each token tracks one underlying share and carries no voting rights.

The collateral assets are held by Alpaca Securities LLC, InCore Bank AG, Maerki Baumann & Co. AG, and GTN Europe Financial Services Limited.

Retail investors, professional investors, and qualified investors worldwide can mint and redeem directly with Backed Finance after completing KYC, and holders have a right to redeem at net asset value with two-to-five-business-day settlement.

Residents of jurisdictions under applicable sanctions, the United States, Afghanistan and other jurisdictions the issuer restricts cannot mint or redeem with Backed Finance.

Backed Assets (JE) Limited is incorporated in Jersey, is offered under an SEC Regulation S exemption, is offered under an EU-approved prospectus, is issued under Jersey Financial Services Commission consent, and is supervised by the Jersey Financial Services Commission.

Holder terms are governed by the law of Switzerland.

bMSTR has been issued on public blockchains since September 2024 and is native to Gnosis, Avalanche, Ethereum, Polygon, Arbitrum One, and Base.

Backed MicroStrategybMSTR