# Astar Substrate Number of validators Methodology

## 1. Overview

The number of active nodes that produce blocks and secure Astar Substrate is measured by Number of validators. The degree of decentralization and resilience of the network is reflected by this metric, as it identifies the unique entities responsible for maintaining the ledger.

## 2. Data sources

- **Blockchain events**: Block production data from Astar Substrate
- **External data**: Metadata for chain availability and freshness filters

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Extraction of block production data

- **Purpose**: To identify the entities responsible for block creation on Astar Substrate.
- **Logic**: The `author_id` and `timestamp` are extracted from every block produced on the network. Each `author_id` represents a unique validator node that has successfully proposed a block.
- **Key fields**: `author_id` (validator identification), `block_timestamp` (timing)

### Component B: Daily unique validator aggregation

- **Purpose**: To calculate the daily count of unique active validators.
- **Logic**: The block timestamps are truncated to a daily grain. For each day, a distinct count of `author_id` values is performed to determine the total number of unique nodes that participated in block production during that 24-hour period.
- **Key fields**: `number_of_validators` (distinct count of authors)

### Component C: Data finalization and continuity

- **Purpose**: To ensure the metric remains consistent across time and accounts for reporting gaps.
- **Logic**: A fill-forward strategy is applied to ensure that the metric remains populated on days where block data may be delayed. The final dataset is passed through a chain availability filter to ensure only approved and finalized historical data is included. Values are averaged across the daily grain to ensure data type consistency.

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

Number of active validators securing the network.

Number of validators

Blockchains (L2)

Validators process transactions and receive fees from users (supply-side fees).

Astar is a collective driving web3 adoption by connecting people through blockchain technology, business innovation, decentralized applications, and seamless digital experiences in the Polkadot ecosystem. Astar was founded by Sota Watanabe and launched in 2021.

ASTR tokenholders own and govern the protocol. Part of the transaction fees is burned (revenue). Astar’s investors include Binance, Polychain Capital, Crypto.com, etc.

Astar Substrate

Number of validators

Number of validators

Chain breakdown