# Astar Substrate Fees Methodology

## 1. Overview

Fees measures the total value users pay to conduct transactions on Astar Substrate. This includes both the base costs required for transaction processing and optional tips paid for execution priority. These fees represent the aggregate economic value generated by the network across its native Substrate layer and its Ethereum-compatible execution environment. All collected fees are denominated in the network's native asset and converted to USD.

## 2. Data sources

- **Blockchain events**: `TransactionFeePaid` events from `transactionPayment` pallets, `Executed` events from `ethereum` pallets, and `Withdraw` and `Deposit` events from `balances` pallets on Astar
- **External data**: End-of-day price feeds for the Astar asset

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Native Substrate fee extraction

- **Purpose**: Capture fees generated through native Substrate transactions.
- **Logic**: `TransactionFeePaid` events are parsed from `transactionPayment` pallets. The transaction fee and the transaction tip are extracted from the event data and summed to determine the total fee paid for each extrinsic.
- **Key fields**: `transaction_fee`, `transaction_tip`

### Component B: EVM-compatible fee extraction

- **Purpose**: Capture fees generated through the Ethereum-compatible execution environment.
- **Logic**: `Executed` events from `ethereum` pallets are parsed to identify the account responsible for the transaction. `Withdraw` and `Deposit` events from `balances` pallets are filtered to include only those where the account matches the identified transaction signer within the same extrinsic. The total fee is calculated by aggregating these balance changes, where withdrawals represent payments and deposits represent offsets. This calculation ensures only the net transaction cost paid by the user is captured.
- **Key fields**: `event_method` (Withdraw/Deposit), `event_data` (fee amount and signer)

### Component C: Normalization and USD conversion

- **Purpose**: Normalize fee values and convert them to USD for cross-asset comparison.
- **Logic**: All extracted fee amounts are normalized by decimal precision. These values are multiplied by end-of-day price feeds for the Astar asset. Data is aggregated to a daily granularity using UTC day boundaries.
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp`, `fees` (native), `price_usd`

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

Total value users pay to use a protocol (gross fees, user-paid fees).

Fees

Blockchains (L2)

Validators process transactions and receive fees from users (supply-side fees).

Astar is a collective driving web3 adoption by connecting people through blockchain technology, business innovation, decentralized applications, and seamless digital experiences in the Polkadot ecosystem. Astar was founded by Sota Watanabe and launched in 2021.

ASTR tokenholders own and govern the protocol. Part of the transaction fees is burned (revenue). Astar’s investors include Binance, Polychain Capital, Crypto.com, etc.

Astar Substrate

Fees

Fees

Chain breakdown