Ajuna is a gaming blockchain built on Polkadot, focused on enabling performance and scalability, for web3 gaming supporting the Unity and Unreal Engine game engines.

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Blockchains (L2)

Ajuna Network

# Ajuna Network Block time Methodology

## 1. Overview

Block time measures the average time interval between consecutive blocks on the Ajuna blockchain, calculated as a daily average and expressed in milliseconds. This metric provides insight into the blockchain's performance and consistency, helping to assess network health and transaction processing speed. The calculation takes consecutive block timestamps, computes the time differences, and aggregates these intervals into daily averages.

## 2. Data sources

The calculation uses the following raw data sources:
- **Ajuna blockchain block data**: Raw block header information from the Ajuna network containing block timestamps and sequential block numbers
- **Block metadata**: Fundamental blockchain infrastructure data including block creation times and ordering information

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Block data preparation
- **Purpose**: Extract and prepare raw block timestamp and number data for time interval calculations
- **Logic**: Raw Ajuna blockchain block data is filtered to exclude the genesis block (block number 0) since it has an artificial timestamp at the start of Unix time that would skew calculations. Block timestamps are cast to proper timestamp format and block numbers to integers. For incremental processing, only recent blocks within the specified lookback period are included to optimize performance.
- **Key fields**: `block_timestamp` representing when each block was created, and `block_number` providing the sequential ordering of blocks

### Component B: Time interval calculation
- **Purpose**: Calculate the time difference between consecutive blocks to measure individual block times
- **Logic**: Block data is ordered by block number and the lag window function is used to pair each block with the timestamp of the previous block. Time differences are calculated in milliseconds using timestamp difference functions between each block and its predecessor. Blocks without a previous timestamp (the first block in the dataset) are excluded from further calculations.
- **Key fields**: `block_time` representing the milliseconds elapsed between consecutive blocks, and `previous_timestamp` used for the time difference calculation

### Component C: Daily aggregation
- **Purpose**: Group individual block times into daily averages to provide a meaningful time-series metric
- **Logic**: Block timestamps are truncated to day granularity and block times are grouped by date. The average block time is calculated for each day using standard aggregation functions. Additional metadata fields are added including chain identifier set to 'ajuna' and product identifier set to 'Ajuna Substrate'.
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` truncated to day level, `block_time` as the average milliseconds per block for that day

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: The daily averages flow through a finalization macro that standardizes the metric format and applies data quality rules
- **Currency conversion**: Not applicable for this time-based metric
- **Time aggregation**: Data is aggregated to daily boundaries using day-truncated timestamps, with each day showing the average block time across all blocks produced that day
- **Final calculation**: The final metric value represents the average time in milliseconds between consecutive blocks for each day on the Ajuna blockchain, with missing days filled with zero values and chain availability filters applied to ensure data quality

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

avg(block_timestamp - previous_block_timestamp)

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Block time

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