Across allows users to send tokens from one chain to another almost immediately without having to wait for the rollup’s challenge period. Liquidity providers provide liquidity and relayers handle the fills and in return they charge a transfer fee (supply-side fees).

Across is a cross-chain token bridge for L2s and rollups. Across was founded by Hart Lambur and launched in 2021.

ACX tokenholders own and govern the protocol. They currently don’t take a cut of the total transfer fees paid by the users (revenue). Across’ investors include Hack VC, Placeholder and Blockchain Capital.

governance

github

twitter

discord

etherscan

website

Bridges

Across

# Across Expenses Methodology

## 1. Overview

The Across Protocol expenses metric captures the total daily USD value of token incentives paid out to users and liquidity providers. This metric represents operational expenses for the protocol in the form of ACX token rewards distributed through two main programs: referral rewards and liquidity provider rewards. The calculation aggregates reward distributions from Ethereum smart contracts and converts them to USD values.

## 2. Data sources

The calculation relies on the following raw data sources:
- **Ethereum smart contract events**: Parsed `Claimed` events from the AcrossMerkleDistributor contract capturing referral reward distributions
- **Ethereum smart contract events**: Parsed `RewardsWithdrawn` events from the AcceleratingDistributor contract capturing liquidity provider reward withdrawals
- **End-of-day price feeds**: Token price data for ACX token to enable USD conversion
- **Token metadata**: ACX token contract details including decimal precision for accurate amount calculations

## 3. Step-by-step calculation

### Component A: Referral rewards extraction
- **Purpose**: Captures referral rewards distributed to users through the Merkle tree distribution system
- **Logic**: Extracts `Claimed` events from the AcrossMerkleDistributor contract on Ethereum, filtering for events where `windowIndex` is not zero to exclude initial or invalid claims. Maps the `amount` field to reward amount and captures the recipient address, transaction details, and timestamp
- **Key fields**: `amount` (reward quantity), `windowIndex` (distribution window), recipient address, transaction hash, block timestamp

### Component B: Liquidity provider rewards extraction  
- **Purpose**: Captures rewards distributed to liquidity providers for their participation in the protocol
- **Logic**: Extracts `RewardsWithdrawn` events from the AcceleratingDistributor contract on Ethereum. Maps the `rewardsToSend` field to reward amount and captures the recipient address, transaction details, and timestamp
- **Key fields**: `rewardsToSend` (reward quantity), recipient address, transaction hash, block timestamp

### Component C: Reward data combination
- **Purpose**: Combines both reward types into a unified dataset with consistent schema
- **Logic**: Unions referral and LP reward data, standardizing all rewards as ACX tokens on Ethereum chain. Applies consistent metadata including reward type classification, ACX token contract address, and Across v1 version identifier
- **Key fields**: `reward_amount` (standardized amount field), `reward_type` (referral vs LP), `token_address` (ACX contract), `account_address` (recipient)

### Component D: Business classification and time aggregation
- **Purpose**: Groups rewards by time period and applies business context classifications
- **Logic**: Truncates timestamps to daily boundaries for consistent time-based aggregation. Applies business classifications including "Bridging" as business line, "bridges" as market sector, and "mint_and_burn" as business segment. Groups all data by day, chain, and business classifications
- **Key fields**: `timestamp` (daily truncated), `business_line`, `market_sector_id`, `business_segment_id`

### Final aggregation
- **Combining components**: All reward amounts are summed by day, maintaining separate totals for each reward type but combining them into total daily token incentives
- **Currency conversion**: ACX token amounts are converted to USD using end-of-day price feeds, with decimal correction applied based on ACX token metadata (18 decimal places)
- **Time aggregation**: Daily boundaries are enforced with timestamp truncation to day level, ensuring consistent daily expense reporting
- **Final calculation**: The token incentives amounts are directly used as expenses values, representing the protocol's operational costs in distributing rewards to users and liquidity providers. Any missing days are filled with zero values to maintain continuous time series data

*This methodology was automatically generated by Token Terminal's methodology analyzer.*

Total project operating and incentive expenses.

AcrossACX

Expenses

Expenses

Competitive landscape

Chain breakdown